Discolored patches on the face, often appearing on the upper lip, cheeks, or forehead, can be a source of cosmetic concern for both men and women. This condition, known as melasma, results from an overproduction of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. Melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, and their hyperactivity can be triggered by various factors.
One significant trigger is phototoxicity. Certain products, harmless in the absence of sunlight, can cause allergic reactions when exposed to UV rays, leading to melasma. Hair dyes are a common example of such phototoxic agents. Hormonal fluctuations also play a crucial role. During pregnancy or while using birth control pills, hormonal changes can stimulate melanocytes, resulting in increased melanin production and the appearance of discolored patches.
Sun exposure is a major activating factor for melanin production. Protecting your skin from the sun is essential in preventing and managing melasma. Regular use of broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF, along with protective clothing and avoiding peak sun hours, can significantly reduce the risk of developing or worsening these patches.
(Disclaimer: This article is intended for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult with a qualified healthcare professional for any health concerns or before making any decisions related to your health or treatment.)