The global cosmetics industry is a multi-billion dollar market, with consumers worldwide spending vast sums on makeup, fragrances, cleansers, and shampoos. The use of cosmetics dates back thousands of years. Ancient Greek women used lead-based makeup for a pale complexion, while Egyptians used kohl to darken their eyelids. Today, cosmetics are more prevalent than ever, with advertisers targeting both men and women to further expand the industry’s reach.
The Australian Trade Practices Act of 1974 defines a cosmetic as “a substance or preparation intended for placement in contact with any external part of the body.” Cosmetics are used to alter appearances and body odors. But what exactly are the ingredients in these products we apply to our faces and bodies? Most cosmetics contain a combination of emulsifiers, preservatives, thickeners, pH stabilizers, fragrances, colors, and water.
Preservatives are crucial for preventing the growth of bacteria and fungi, which can spoil the product and potentially harm the user. Emulsifiers maintain a homogenous texture by preventing the separation of oil and water. Thickeners, derived from synthetic materials like polyethylene glycol or natural sources like polysaccharides, adjust the consistency of the product. If a cosmetic becomes too thick, solvents like water or alcohol can be used to dilute it.
Fragrances and colors are added to enhance the sensory appeal of cosmetics. Additives are also included to adjust the pH level, ensuring the product is as safe as possible for a wide range of users. If you have known allergies or sensitivities, it’s always wise to exercise caution when trying a new cosmetic product.