Heartburn is that uncomfortable burning sensation behind your breastbone, often caused by stomach acid flowing back into your esophagus. This reflux can lead to a sour taste in your mouth and discomfort that may radiate up your neck. While occasional heartburn is common, frequent occurrences could indicate gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), potentially leading to esophageal irritation and other health issues.
Symptoms of heartburn can last for several hours and often worsen after eating, especially when lying down or bending over. Sitting or standing may provide relief. If home treatments don’t alleviate your discomfort or if heartburn persists for more than two weeks, it’s crucial to consult a healthcare professional.
Before resorting to antacids or acid reducers, consider these effective home remedies:
* **Smaller Meals, Earlier Dinners:** Avoid large meals and late-night snacks.
* **Stay Upright:** Refrain from lying down for 2-3 hours after eating.
* **Dietary Adjustments:** Limit or avoid trigger foods like chocolate, fatty and fried foods, peppermint, coffee, caffeinated drinks, alcohol, carbonated beverages, acidic foods (citrus fruits, tomato juice), and spicy dishes.
* **Clothing Choices:** Avoid tight-fitting clothing, especially around the waist.
* **Quit Smoking:** Smoking exacerbates heartburn.
* **Weight Management:** If overweight, losing weight can help reduce heartburn.
* **Elevated Sleeping:** If nighttime heartburn is a problem, elevate your head 6-8 inches using blocks or foam wedges.
* **Medication Awareness:** Be mindful that certain medications like aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, antihistamines, and anti-anxiety drugs can contribute to heartburn. Acetaminophen is generally gentler on the stomach.
* **Over-the-Counter Relief:** Antacids like Maalox, Mylanta, Tums, and Gelusil can neutralize stomach acid. Acid reducers such as Pepcid AC, Tagamet HB, and Zantac 75 are also options. Consult your pharmacist for guidance and follow product instructions carefully.
**Seek Immediate Medical Attention If:**
* You experience crushing or squeezing chest pain, possibly with upper abdominal pain, which could indicate a heart attack.
* You exhibit signs of shock.
**Consult Your Doctor If:**
* You vomit blood.
* You suspect a medication is causing your heartburn.
* You experience pain when swallowing solid foods.
* You are losing weight without explanation.
* Heartburn persists for over two weeks despite home treatments, or if symptoms are severe and unresponsive to over-the-counter remedies.