For persistent or severe acne that doesn’t respond to over-the-counter treatments, a dermatologist can provide expert guidance and prescription medications. These medications come in various forms, each designed to address specific acne types and severities.
Topical treatments are commonly prescribed for mild to moderate acne. These include creams, gels, and lotions containing ingredients like retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, or antibiotics. Retinoids help unclog pores and reduce inflammation, while benzoyl peroxide kills acne-causing bacteria. Antibiotics target bacterial infections that contribute to acne.
Oral medications are often necessary for more severe or widespread acne. Oral antibiotics, such as tetracycline or doxycycline, work by reducing bacteria and inflammation throughout the body. Another oral medication, isotretinoin (Accutane), is a powerful treatment for severe, cystic acne. It shrinks oil glands, reduces inflammation, and prevents new acne lesions from forming. Due to potential side effects, isotretinoin requires careful monitoring by a dermatologist.
In some cases, dermatologists may use other therapies, such as corticosteroid injections directly into acne cysts to quickly reduce inflammation and promote healing. For women, oral contraceptives can sometimes help control acne by regulating hormone levels.
Choosing the right prescription acne medication depends on individual factors, including acne severity, skin type, and overall health. A dermatologist can assess your specific needs and recommend the most appropriate treatment plan. Don’t hesitate to seek professional help if your acne is causing significant distress or is not responding to over-the-counter remedies. Early intervention can prevent scarring and improve your skin’s health and appearance.