Adult acne, an inflammatory skin condition, commonly affects individuals between 30 and 50, particularly those with fair skin. While the exact cause remains unclear, hormonal fluctuations are strongly suspected. These hormonal shifts can increase oil production, leading to clogged pores and hair follicles. This creates an environment where bacteria thrive, resulting in inflammation and acne breakouts.
The primary goals of adult acne treatment are to prevent scarring, clear existing acne, and minimize associated skin issues. Gentle skincare is crucial; acne sufferers should cleanse their skin with a non-comedogenic cleanser and moisturizer. Harsh products, picking, and rubbing should be avoided. Adequate hydration also contributes to overall skin health.
Treatment options range from topical to oral medications, depending on the severity of the acne. Systemic therapy, which involves medications that affect the entire body, is typically reserved for more severe cases. Commonly prescribed systemic agents include isotretinoin, interlesional corticosteroid injections, oral contraceptives (for women), and oral antibiotics like tetracycline and erythromycin.
In the United States, popular prescription topical antimicrobials include benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid, erythromycin, clindamycin, and sodium sulfacetamide. Topical retinoids, such as tazarotene, adapalene, and tretinoin, are also frequently prescribed.
While many adult acne treatments mirror those for adolescent acne, individual responses vary. Consulting a dermatologist or physician is crucial before starting any new treatment regimen to determine the most appropriate and effective approach.